2016年6月26日～7月1日にかけて横浜パシフィコにて行われたGoldschmidt2016に、本領域関係者が中心となって企画した以下のセッションが実施されました。会場では最新の研究成果が発表され、多くの参加者により活発な議論がなされる中、盛況のうちに終了いたしました。
Goldschmidt2016
Date: 2016.6.26(Sun) – 7.1(Fri)
Venue: Pacifico Yokohama

GOLDSCHMIDT2016公式サイト
パシフィコ横浜公式サイト

04a: Deep Earth: Dynamics, Nature and Evolution
Date & Time: 6/27(Mon) 8:30 – 11:30, 13:45 – 16:15 in Room 301 Program
Convenors: Katsuhiko Suzuki, William McDonough, Haruhiko dekura
Keynote: Richard J. Walker (University of Maryland)
Recent observational and experimental investigations have significantly advanced understanding of the structure and constituent materials of the deep Earth. The Earth’s core consists of an Fe-Ni alloy with low atomic number solutes. Advances in computational, experimental and observational studies are many and not always providing a self-consistent picture of the core, its formation and potential interactions with the mantle. The lower mantle remains an area of considerable discussion in all fields of deep Earth studies. The amount and distribution of heat producing elements in the Earth’s mantle affects the style and planform of mantle convection and the overall structure of the mantle. Discussions continue on the origin and persistence of primordial reservoirs in the deep mantle. Consequently, compositional models for the silicate Earth, with or without layered structures, give rise to markedly different models for the thermal evolution of the planet.

04c: “Water”: The Role and Influence of Hydrogen-Bearing Phases in Planetary Interiors
Date & Time: 6/29(Wed) 13:45 – 16:45, 6/30(Thu) 8:30 – 10:00 in Room 301 Program
Convenors: Elizabeth Thompson, Jannick INGRIN, Toru INOUE, Jun Tsuchiya, Takashi Nakagawa, Peter Tollan
Keynote: David Kohlstedt (University of Minnesota)
The presence of “water” within a planetary interior has a significant effect on the geochemistry, geophysics, and geodynamics of that planet. Owing to advances in analytical, experimental and computational techniques there has been a recent surge of research investigating the budget, storage, and cycling of hydrogen in planetary interiors. This session aims to unite researchers from experimental, theoretical/computational, and geochemical/geodynamical backgrounds that investigate varied aspects of hydrous and nominally anhydrous phases. Relevant topics include but are not limited to: phase relations and stability, equations of state, physical properties and crystal chemistry of hydrogen-bearing phases, analysis of natural samples and investigations of the influence of hydrogen on rheology and geodynamics.

18c: Mineral Physics of the Earth’s Interior: Constraints on the Chemistry and Physics of our Planet from Experimental and Computational Studies
Date & Time: 6/30(Thu) 8:30 – 11:30, 13:45 – 15:15 in Main Hall Program
Convenors: Ryosuke Sinmyo, Vincenzo Stagno, Catherine McCammon, Tetsuya Komabayashi, Jun Tsuchiya, Razvan Caracas, Xianlong Wang
Keynote: Daniel Frost (Universität Bayreuth)
Recent progress on the physics and chemistry of crystal structures at extreme conditions as well as extraordinary advances in computational material science techniques such as first principles calculation methods provide new insight to geochemical and geophysical problems, for example that the deep Earth may host novel oxides, silicates and carbonates whose stability relations can influence geophysical observables and geodynamics of the Earth’s mantle at variable depths. The direct correlation between crystal structure and electronic state of transition elements dominantly controls the elasticity, transport properties and element partitioning of the mineral phases under pressure. In addition, the recent finding of new iron-bearing oxides with exotic stoichiometry implies a re-evaluation of possible redox equilibria and, in turn, melting relations within mantle assemblages. This session invites contributions on 1) the chemistry and physics of minerals under high pressures and high temperatures based on both experimental and theoretical studies, 2) electronic state and its effect on physical properties, 3) redox equilibria within terrestrial assemblages involving new phases and available thermodynamic data, 4) geodynamic and ab initio modelling as a tool to provide insight into the deep Earth and provide guidance for future research in mineral physics. We encourage discussions of methodological development toward better modelling of geochemical and geophysical processes such as isotope fractionation, the determination of transport properties, and so on.

Program

04a: Deep Earth: Dynamics, Nature and Evolution

6/27(Mon) 8:30 – 11:30 in Room 301
08:30 Keynote: Siderophile Element Constraints on the Deep Earth: What’s Down There and How and When Did It Form? (Walker R)
09:00 Probing Heterogeneity in the Mantle with Boron Isotopes in OIB (Kirstein L, Walowski K, de Hoog C-J, Elliott T & Savov I)
09:15 Effect of Slab Melting for the Production of EMs Isotopic Signature (Shimdoa G, Shinjoe H, Kogiso T, Ishizuka O, Yamashita K, Yoshitake M, Itho J & Ogasawara M)
09:30 Possible Key Materials to Unravel the Chemical State of the Deep mantle-Noble Gases, Kimberlites and E-Chondrites (Kaneoka I)
09:45 Waveform Inversion for 3D Shear Wave Velocity Structure in the Lowermost Mantle (Kawai K, Konishi K, Borgeaud A, Suzuki Y & Geller R)
10:00 Linking Magma-Ocean Crystallization and Compositional Heterogeneity within LLSVPs in the Deep Mantle (Ballmer MD)
10:15 Powering Earth’s Dynamo with Magnesium Precipitation from the Core (O’Rourke J & Stevenson D)
10:30 Evolutionary Models of the Earth with a Grain Size-Dependent Rheology: Diffusion vs Dislocation Creep (Rozel AB, Golabek GJ, Thielmann M & Tackley PJ)
10:45 The Solubility of Lithophile Elements in Iron during Core Formation, and its Subsequent Exsolution; or How on Earth can We Generate an Ancient Magnetic Field? (Badro J, Siebert J & Nimmo F)
11:00 Solid-Liquid Equilibrium in the Earth’s Lower Mantle in a Numerical Model of Global-Scale Convection (Fomin I & Tackley P)
11:15 Creep Strength of Ringwoodite Measured up to 1700 K at 17-18 GPa Using a deformation-Dia Apparatus (Kawazoe T, Nishihara Y, Ohuchi T, Miyajima N, Maruyama G, Higo Y, Funakoshi K-I & Irifune T)
6/27(Mon) 13:45 – 16:15 in Room 301
13:45 Subterranean Production of Neutrons, 39Ar and 21Ne: Rates and Uncertainties (McDonough W, Šrámek O, Stevens L, Mukhopadhyay S & Peterson J)
14:00 Lattice Thermal Conductivity of Lower Mantle Minerals (Ohta K, Okuda Y, Yagi T, Hirose K & Sinmyo R)
14:30 Grain Boundary Diffusion of Tungsten in Lower Mantle Phase (Yoshino T)
14:45 The Equation of State of Liquid Pure Fe and Fe-Light Elements Alloys by ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations to Confine the Outer Core Composition (Ichikawa H, Tsuchiya T & Ohsumi M)
15:00 Crystallization of SiO2 in the Core Before Inner Core Formation (Hirose K, Morard G, Sinmyo R & Hernlund J)
15:15 High-P, T Elasticity of Iron and Some Alloys (Tsuchiya T, Kuwayama Y, Kawai K & Ishii M)
15:30 Grain Growth of ε-Iron (Yamazaki D, Tsujino N, Yoneda A, Ito E, Yoshino T & Higo Y)
15:45 A 3D Temperature Map of the Lower Mantle (Houser C & Wentzcovitch R)
16:00 Snow in the Earth’s Core (Lasbleis M, Hernlund J & Labrosse S)
6/27(Mon) Poster boards 23 to 36
23 The Determination of a Neopaleozoic Alkaline Rock Belt in the Northern Margin of the North China Craton (Cai J, Yan G, Ren K, He G & Zeng Y)
24 Thermal Conductivity of Lower Mantle Minerals from ab Initio Anharmonic Lattice Dynamics (Dekura H & Tsuchiya T)
25 Petrological and Geochronological Study of Plume and Rift-Related Magmatism, at Afar and Northernmost Main Ethiopian Rift (Feyissa DH, Kitagawa H & Nakamura E)
26 Reservoir Mechanical Compaction Experiment of Low Porosity and Low Permeability in Bohai Basin (Jiang Y & Liu L)
27 Response of Vegetation Dynamics to Groundwater in Qaidam Basin, China (Jin X & Xia W )
28 Origin of High-Alumina and Low-Magnesia Mantle Eclogites from the Catoca Pipe (N.-E. Angola) (Korolev N, Nikitina L, Dubinina E, Zinchenko V, Melnik A & João F)
29 Experimental and Theoretical Thermal Equations of State of MgSiO3 Post-Perovskite at Multi-Megabar Pressures (Sakai T, Dekura H & Hirao N)
30 Pressure Dependence on Carbon Isotope Fractionation between Diamond and Iron Carbide Melt (Satish-Kumar M, Tasaka M, Yoshino T & So H)
31 High Precision Analysis of Os and W Isotopes Applied for Earth’s Rock to Elucidate Interaction and Co-evolution of Core and Mantle (Takamasa A, Suzuki K, Senda R & Fukami Y)
32 Comparison of Frequency Dependent Amplitude Ratios of PKiKP/PcP Observed by Hi-Net and USArray (Tanaka S)
33 Melting Phase Relations and Element Partitioning in MORB to Deep Lower Mantle Conditions (Tateno S, Hirose K, Sakata S, Yonemitsu K, Ozawa H, Hirata T, Hirao N & Ohishi Y)
34 The Orthometamorphites from the South Margin of the Dunhuang Block: Geochemistry, Zircon U-Pb Dating, Hf Isotopes and Tectonic Implications (Wang Z, Han C & Xiao W)
35 Ab Initio Prediction of Potassium Partitioning into the Earth’s Core (Xiong Z, Tsuchiya T & Taniuchi T)
36 Simple Shear Deformation of Perovskite+periclase Aggregate and Perovskite: Implications for the Effect of Periclase on Bulk Viscosity (Xu F & Yamazaki D)

04c: “Water”: The Role and Influence of Hydrogen-Bearing Phases in Planetary Interiors

6/29(Wed) 13:45 – 16:45 in Room 301
13:45 Keynote: Hydrogen in Olivine – How it Influences Properties and Where it Resides in the Crystalline Structure (Kohlstedt D & Hirschmann M)
14:15 Water Effects on the Anharmonic Properties of Forsterite (Yang Y, Wang Z & Smyth J)
14:30 Hydrogen Incorporation Mechanisms in Forsterite: 1H NMR Measurement and First-Principles Calculation (Xue X, Kanzaki M, Turner D & Loroch D)
14:45 Effect of Iron and Trivalent Cations on OH-Defects in Olivine (Blanchard M, Ingrin J, Balan E, Kovács I & Withers A)
15:00 Molecular Hydrogen in Mantle Minerals (Yang X, Keppler H & Li Y)
15:15 Behavior of Al-Bearing Hydrous Bridgmanite at High Pressure(Kakizawa S, Inoue T, Nishi M, Arimoto T, Tange Y & Higo Y)
15:30 Water Reservior in Earth’s Lower Mantle (Chen J, Pamato M, Inoue T, Kakizawa S, Yang B, Lin Y, Katsura T, Kawazoe T & Liu B)
15:45 Hydrous Bridgmanite: Possible Water Reservior in the Lower Mantle (Inoue T, Kakizawa S, Fujino K, Kuribayashi T, Nagase T, Greaux S, Higo Y, Sakamoto N, Yurimoto H, Hattori T & Sano A)
16:00 Sound Velocities of δ-AlOOH up to CMB Pressures with Implications for the Seismic Anomalies in Deep Mantle (Mashino I, Murakami M & Ohtani E)
16:15 Crystal Chemistry of a Hydrous Phase [AlOOH-Mgsio2(OH)2] in the Deep Lower Mantle: A Multigrain Approach (Zhang L, Yuan H, Meng Y, Ohira I, Ohtani E & Mao H-K)
16:30 Unconventional Decomposition of FeOOH and its Role in the Earth Hydrogen Cycle (Hu Q & Mao H-K)
6/30(Thu) 8:30 – 10:00 in Room 301
08:30 Solid Iron-Hydrogen Alloys Under High Pressure by First Principles (Umemoto K & Hirose K)
08:45 Reaction between Hydrous, Sediment-Derived Melts and Peridotite at the Base of the Mantle Transition Zone (Rapp RP)
09:00 What can Seismology Tell us About Water in the Mantle Transition Zone? (Cobden L, Thio V & Trampert J)
09:15 High Water Content in Primitive Continental Flood Basalts (Xia Q-K, Bi Y, Li P, Tian W & Chen H)
09:30 Invited: Role of Water in Subduction Zone Dynamics (Iwamori H, Horiuchi S-S, Nakao A & Nakakuki T)
09:45 Invited: Water Recycling in Subduction Zones and the Role of Rehydration in the Generation of Intermediate-Depth Seismicity and the Nature of the Cold Fore-Arc Mantle (van Keken P, Abers G, Hacker B, Nakajima J, Kita S, Spiegelman M & Wilson C)
6/29(Wed) Poster boards 36 to 46
36 High-Pressure Phase Transition and Infrared Spectra of Natural Antigorite- Implications For Dehydration Reactions on Martian Surface (Chandra U & Parthasarathy G)
37 Water of the Canadian Cordillera and Slave Craton Lithospheric Mantle (Gelber M, Peslier A, Brandon A & Kopylova M)
38 Relative Stability and Contrasting Elastic Properties of Serpentine Polymorphs from First-Principles Calculations (Ghaderi N, Zhang H & Sun T)
39 Reductive Decomposition of Phase D by Formation of Fe-Bearing Aluminous Bridgmanite (Ishii T, Miyajima N, Petitgirard S, McCammon C & Katsura T)
40 Low Water Content in Eclogite Xenoliths from Kimberlite Pipe Udachnaya, Yakutia (Kolesnichenko M, Zedgenizov D, Ragozin A & Litasov K)
41 Formation of Phase H – δ-AlOOH Solid Solution in the Lower Mantle (Ohira I, Ohtani E, Kamada S & Hirao N)
42 High-Pressure Phase Transition in Natural Gypsum-Implication to Martian Surface Mineralogy (Parthasarathy G & Chandra U)
43 Hydrogen Site Analysis of Hydrous Ringwoodite in Mantle Transition Zone by Pulsed Neutron Diffraction (Purevjav N, Okuchi T & Tomioka N)
44 Rheological and Microstructural Development in Olivine Aggregates during Dislocation Creep Under Hydrous Conditions (Tasaka M, Zimmerman M & Kohlstedt D)
45 In situ Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Hydroxyl in Mantle Phases at High Pressure (Thompson E, Liu Z, Reagan M & Campbell A)
46 First Principles Investigation of the Elasticity of Ice VIII and Ice x (Tsuchiya J & Tsuchiya T)

18c: Mineral Physics of the Earth’s Interior:
Constraints on the Chemistry and Physics of our Planet from Experimental and Computational Studies

6/30(Thu) 8:30 – 11:30 in Main Hall
08:30 Crystal, Magnetic and Electronic Structure of the Pentlandite Series (Desmarais J, Pan Y & Tse J)
08:45 Macro- and Micro-Magnetic Properties of Maghemite Nano-Minerals (Chen Y-H & Zhang J-F)
09:00 Integrated Petrographic and Rock-Magnetic Investigation of Ferromagnetic Separates of Metabasites from Oscar II Land, Western Spitsbergen (Burzynski M, Michalski K, Nejbert K, Domanska-Siuda J & Manby G)
09:15 Electrical Property and Compressional Behavior of Fe-Si Alloys Under High Pressure (Suzuki N, Kamada S, Maeda F, Ohtani E, Hirao N, Ohishi Y, Masuda R, Mitsui T & Nakano S)
09:30 Sound Velocity of Liquid Fe-Si Alloy Under High Pressures (Nakajima Y, Imada S, Hirose K, Kuwayama Y, Sinmyo R, Tateno S, Tsutsui S, Ushiyama H & Baron A)
09:45 Pre Melting in Rare Gases (Pamato MG, Vocadlo L, Dobson DP, Wood IG, Kurnosov A, Pakhomova A & Boffa Ballaran T )
10:00 Invited: Stability of Fe5O6 and Other Fe2+-Fe3+-oxides at Transition Zone Conditions (Woodland A, Uenver-Thiele L & Boffa Ballaran T)
10:15 High-Pressure Phase Transitions in FeTiO3, Fe2TiO4 and FeTi2O5 (Akaogi M, Abe K, Yusa H, Tajima T, Ishii T & Kojitani H )
10:30 Stability of Fe, Al-Bearing Bridgmanite in the Lower Mantle and Synthesis of Pure Iron Bridgmanite (Ismailova L, Bykova E, Bykov M, Cerantola V, McCammon C, Boffa Ballaran T, Bobrov A, Dubrovinskaia N & Dubrovinsky L)
10:45 Phase Relations in the System MgSiO3-Al2O3 to 52 GPa and 2000 K (Liu Z, Irifune T, Nishi M, Tange Y, Arimoto T & Shinmei T)
11:00 Keynote: The Redox State of the Earth’s Lower Mantle (Frost D, Kurnosov A, Boffa Ballaran T, Marquardt H, Armstrong K & Myhill R)
6/30(Thu) 13:45 – 15:15 in Main Hall
13:45 Invited: Ab Initio Simulations of Light Elements in the Earth’s Core (Militzer B, Tagawa S, Hirose K & Wahl S)
14:00 Lithium Diffusion and its Isotopic Fractionation in Forsterite (Zhang F & Wright K)
14:15 U, Th and REE Partitioning into Sulfide Liquids: Implications for Reduced Planetary Bodies (Wohlers A & Wood B)
14:30 Lattice-Preferred-Orientation of hcp Metals Studied by High-Pressure Deformation (Nishihara Y, Ohuchi T, Kawazoe T, Maruyama G, Seto Y, Higo Y, Funakoshi K-I & Tange Y)
14:45 Equation of State and High-Pressure Lattice Behavior of CaCO3 Aragonite (Li Y, Zou Y, Chen T, Wang X, Qi X, Du J & Li B)
15:00 Invited: The Water Undersaturated Transition Zone (Panero WR, Thomas C, Myhill R & Pigott JS)
6/30(Thu) Poster boards 377 to 388
377 High-Pressure Elastic Properties of Synthetic (Mg, Fe2+)Al2O4 Spinel Crystals by Brillouin Spectroscopy (Andreozzi GB, Bruschini E, Speziale S, Reichmann H-J & Bosi F)
378 Mineralogical, Characterisation and Electrokinetic Properties of Kaolins from Eskisehir (Turkey) (Dikmen S, Dikmen Z, Nabioallahi O & Ersoy B)
379 Comparison of Fly Ash and Red Mud Mixture as a Building Material (Dikmen Z & Dikmen S)
380 P‒V‒T EoS of Cr2O3 (Eskolaite): Implication for Phase Boundary Calculation in Knorringite System (Dymshits A, Sharygin I, Litasov K, Shatskiy A & Rashchenko S)
381 Physical Behaviour of Plagioclase in Basaltic Melts: Experiments at 1220℃, 0.5 GPa and 1000 G (Kraettli G & Schmidt MW)
382 In situ X-Ray, High Pressure, High Temperatures Studies of Spinels in a Large Volume Press (Lathe C & Lauterjung J)
383 Partitioning of Al, Ca to Olivine Grain Boundaries, the Impact on Crystal Habit (Marquardt K & Morales L)
384 Strong Affinity of Al-Containing Bridgmanite for Ferric Iron (McCammon C, van Driel J, Kawazoe T, Myhill R & Dubrovinsky L)
385 Phase Relationships in the System of Pyroxene Quadrilateral at High Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure (Ohi S & Miyake A)
386 The Spin State of Fe3+ in Lower Mantle Bridgmanite (Sinmyo R, McCammon C & Dubrovinsky L)
387 Melting Relation in the Fe-S-Si System at 10 GPa: Implications for Mercury’s Core (Tobe H, Suzuki A, Shibazaki Y, Sakamaki T & Ohtani E)
388 Complexities in the Phase Relations of MgFe2O4 at High Pressure and Temperature: Evidence for New Oxides Such as Mg5Fe2O8 (Uenver-Thiele L, Woodland A, Boffa-Ballaran T, Miyajima N & Frost D)